KUMPULAN SOAL SOAL READING EXPLANATION TEXT

Speech production is made possible by the specialized movements of our vocal organs that generate speech sounds waves.

Like all sounds production, speech production requires a source of energy. The source of energy for speech production is the steady stream of air that comes from the lungs, as we exhale. When we breathe normally, the air stream must vibrate rapidly. The vocal cords cause the air stream to vibrate.

As we talk, the vocal cords open and close rapidly, chopping up the steady air stream into a series of puffs. These puffs are heard as a buzz. But this buzz is still not speech.

To produce speech sounds, the vocal tract must change shape. During speech we continually alter the shape of the vocal tract by moving the tongue and lips, etc. These movements change the acoustic properties of the vocal tract which in turn produce the different sounds of speech.

1.  What is the text about?

    A.     Speech          

    B.    Vocal cords

    C.     Sounds waves              

    D.    Speech production

    E.     Air Stream

2. What is the generic structure of paragraph 1?

   A.      A background event

   B.      A thesis

   C.      A general statement

   D.      Orientation

   E.      An abstract

         3. Which statement is NOT TRUE based on the text?

   A.    Speech production is made possible by the specialized movements of our vocal organs that 

         generate speech sounds waves.

  B.      Speech production requires a source of energy

  D.     When we breath normally, the air stream is inaudible  

  E.      To become audible, the air stream to vibrate  

  F.      To produce speech sounds, the vocal tract must change shape

4. What does speech production need?

  A.      Energy

  B.      Sound waves

  C.       The steady stream of air

  D.      The vocal tract

  E.      The vocal cords

Human body is made up of countless millions of cells. Food is needed to built up new cells and replace the worn out cells. However, the food that we take must be changed into substances that can be carried in the blood to the places where they are needed. This process is called digestion.

The first digestive process takes place in the mouth. The food we eat is broken up into small pieces by the action of teeth, mixed with saliva, a juice secreted by glands in the mouth. Saliva contains digestive juice which moisten the food, so it can be swallowed easily.

From the mouth, food passes through the esophagus (the food passage) into the stomach. Here, the food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach for several hours. Then the food enters the small intestine. All the time the muscular walls of the intestine are squeezing, mixing and moving the food onwards.

In a few hours, the food changes into acids. These are soon absorbed by the villi (microscopic branch projections from the intestine walls) and passed into the bloodstream.

1. What is the text about?

A. The digestive system

B. The digestive juice

C. The method of the digestive system

D. The process of intestine work

E. The food substances

2. How can we swallow the food easily?

A. The food changes into acids absorbed by the villi.

B. The food must be digested first through the process.

C. The food is directly swallowed through esophagus into the stomach.

D. The food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach.

E. The food we take must be changed into substances carried in the blood to the places.

3. From the text above, we imply that ….

A. a good process of digestive system will help our body becoming healthier.

B. no one concerned with the process of digestive system for their health.

C. the digestive system is needed if we are eating the food instantly.

D. every body must conduct the processes of digestive system well.

E. the better we digest the food we eat, the healthier we will be.

The sense of taste is one of a person’s five senses. We taste with the help of taste-buds in the tongue. There are four main kinds of taste: sweet, sour, salty, and bitter. All other tastes are just mixtures of two or more of these main types. The surface of the tongue has more than fifteen thousand taste-buds (or cells). These are connected to the brain by special nerves which send the so-called ‘tastes messages. When the tongue comes into contact with food of any kind, the taste-buds will pick up the taste. The nerves then send a message to the brain. This will make us aware of the taste. All this happens in just a few seconds.

There are four kinds of taste-buds, each of which is sensitive to only a particular taste. These four groups are located in different parts of the tongue.
The taste-buds for salty and sweet tastes are found round the tip of the tongue and along its sides. Sour tastes can be picked up only at the sides of the tongue. The taste-buds of the bitter taste are found at the innermost edge of the tongue. There are taste-buds at the centre of the tongue.

The senses of smell and sight can affect taste. The good smell of food increases its taste. Similarly, attractive colours can make food appear tastier and more delicious. If food does not smell good or is dull-coloured, it will look tasty and may not taste good at all.
Very hot or cold sensations can make the taste-buds insensitive. Food that is too hot or too cold, when placed in the mouth, will have no tastes at all.

1. We can taste any kind of food because of ……..

A. the good smell of food

B. the four main kinds of taste

C. the taste-buds in the tongue

D. the senses of smell and sight

E. the taste-buds round the tip of the tongue

2. When we eat very hot or cold food ……..

A. the food will lose its taste

B. the food won’t smell good

C. the taste of the food increases

D. the taste-buds will be sensitive

E. the taste-buds will be very, responsive

    

3. The senses of smell and sight ……..

A. increase the taste of the food

B. affect the taste of the food

C. make food more delicious

D. make the food look good

E. make the food attractive

   

4. The purpose of the text is ……..

A. to explain how we can taste any food in the mouth

B. to give a report about the sense of taste

C. to inform how important the tongue is

D. to describe the use of the tongue

E. to tell the taste of the food

     

What is photosynthesis? Photosynthesis is a food-making process that occurs in green plants. It is the chief function of leaves. The word photosynthesis means putting together with light. Green plants use energy from light to combine carbon dioxide and water to make sugar and other chemical compounds.

How is the light used in photosynthesis?

The light used in photosynthesis is absorbed by a green pigment called chlorophyll. Each food-making cell in a plant leaf contains chlorophyll in small bodies called chloroplasts. In chloroplast, light energy causes water drawn form the soil to split into hydrogen and oxygen.

What are the steps of photosynthesis process? Let me tell you the process of photosynthesis, in a series of complicated steps, the hydrogen combines with carbon dioxide from the air, forming a simple sugar. Oxygen from the water molecules is given off in the process. From sugar together with nitrogen, sulphur, and phosporus from the soil-green plants can make starch, fat, protein, vitamins, and other complex compounds essential for life. Photosynthesis provides the chemical energy that is needed to produced these compounds.

1. What step after the hydrogen combines with carbon dioxide from the air …                                      A. Photosynthesis provides the chemical energy that is needed to produced these compounds.

B. Water drawn form the soil to split into hydrogen and oxygen.

C. Food-making process that occurs in green plants.

D. Phosporus from the soil-green plants can make starch, fat, protein, vitamins, and other

      complex compounds essential for life.

E. Oxygen from the water molecules is given off in the process.

2. What are photosynthesis need …

     A. Water, light, oxygen, worm

     B. Soil, chlorophyll, sun, human

     C. Bug, air, oxigen, food

     D. Light, Carbon dioxide, humus

     E. Candle, vitamins, hydrogen

3. What the product of photosynthesis …

A. Sugar

B. Food and O2

C. Root

D. Food

E. Branch

4. What kind of the text …

A. Narrative text

B. Hortatory text

C. Discussion text

D. Explanation text

E. Descriptive text

Recycling is a collection, processing, and reuse of materials that would otherwise be thrown away. Materials ranging from precious metals to broken glass, from old newspapers to plastic spoons, can be recycled. The recycling process reclaims the original material and uses it in new products.

In general, using recycled materials to make new products costs less and requires less energy than using new materials. Recycling can also reduce pollution, either by reducing the demand for high-pollution alternatives or by minimizing the amount of pollution produced during the manufacturing process.

Paper products that can be recycled include cardboard containers, wrapping paper, and office paper. The most commonly recycled paper product is newsprint. In newspaper recycling, old newspapers are collected and searched for contaminants such as plastic bags and aluminum foil. The paper goes to a processing plant where it is mixed with hot water and turned into pulp in a machine that works much like a big kitchen blender. The pulp is screened and filtered to remove smaller contaminants. The pulp then goes to a large vat where the ink separates from the paper fibers and fl oats to the surface. The ink is skimmed off, dried and reused as ink or burned as boiler fuel. The cleaned pulp is mixed with new wood fibers to be made into paper again.

Experts estimate the average office worker generates about 5 kg of wastepaper per month. Every ton of paper that is recycled saves about 1.4 cu m (about 50 cu ft) of landfill space. One ton of recycled paper saves 17 pulpwood trees (trees used to produce paper).

1. The following things can be recycled, EXCEPT….

A. Precious metals

B. Broken glass

C. Old newspapers

D. Plastic spoons

E. Fresh vegetables and fruits

2. Which of the following is NOT the benefit of recycling?

A. It costs much money for the process of recycling

B. It costs less to make new products

C. It requires less energy

D. It can reduce pollution

E. It reduces the demand for high-pollution alternatives

3. What is the third step of recycling paper products?

A. Collect and search for contaminants such as plastic bags and aluminum foil

B. Mix the paper with hot water in a blender which turns it into pulp

C. Screen and filter the pulp to remove smaller contaminants

D. Put the pulp to a large vat to separate the ink from the paper fibres

E. Mix the pulp with new wood fibres to be made into paper again

4. We can make use of the ink after being separated from the paper fibres by doing the followings, EXCEPT….

A. Skim it off

B. Dry it

C. Reuse as ink

D. Burn as boiler fuel

E. Mix it with the pulp

Have you ever wondered how people get chocolate from? In this article we’ll enter the amazing world of chocolate so you can understand exactly what you’re eating.

Chocolate starts with a tree called the cacao tree. This tree grows in equatorial regions, especially in places such as South America, Africa, and Indonesia. The cacao tree produces a fruit about the size of a small pine apple. Inside the fruit are the tree’s seeds, also known as cocoa beans.

The beans are fermented for about a week, dried in the sun and then shipped to the chocolate maker. The chocolate maker starts by roasting the beans to bring out the flavour. Different beans from different places have different qualities and flavor, so they are often sorted and blended to produce a distinctive mix. Next, the roasted beans are winnowed. Winnowing removes the meat nib of the cacao bean from its shell. Then, the nibs are blended. The blended nibs are ground to make it a liquid. The liquid is called chocolate liquor. It tastes bitter. All seeds contain some amount of fat, and cacao beans are not different. However, cacao beans are half fat, which is why the ground nibs form liquid. It’s pure bitter chocolate.

1. The text is about …

A. the cacao tree

B. the cacao beans

C. the raw chocolate

D. the making of chocolate

E. the flavor of chocolate

2. The third paragraph focuses on …

A. the process of producing chocolate

B. how to produce the cocoa flavor

C. where chocolate comes from

D. the chocolate liquor

E. the cacao fruit

3. ” …, so they are often sorted and blended to produce …” (Paragraph 3.) The word 

    “sorted “is close in meaning to …

A. arranged

B. combined

C. separated

D. distributed

E. organized

4. How does the chocolate maker start to make chocolate?

A. By fermenting the beans.

B. By roasting the beans

C. By blending the beans.

D. By sorting the beans.

E. By drying the beans

Biodiesel is a clean burning substitute for petroleum based diesel fuel. Biodiesel is made of vegetable oil.

To make or manufacture Biodiesel, you must first start with raw materials. The raw materials needed in the production of Biodiesel are a small amount of methanol and a ready supply of vegetable product. One of the most common vegetables used in the production of Biodiesel is corn, although depending on the geographic location of the manufacturing facility many other plants are used as well (rapeseed, soybeans, flaxseed, etc.). The first step is to use the raw vegetable product to make vegetable oil. Vegetable oil by itself will not be what you need to power a car, from here it has to be processed into Biodiesel.

The process for converting vegetable oil into Biodiesel is sometimes called ester interchange. To complete this process the vegetable oil has to be combined with a smaller amount of methanol and then put in the presence of a small quantity of an alkaline catalyst (for example, 5% to 1% sodium hydroxide). Vegetable oil is made up of so-called triglycerides, which is a compound of the trivalent alcohol glycerin with three fatty acids. The goal of ester interchange is to separate the glycerin molecule from the three fatty acids and replace it with three methanol molecules. This process then yields roughly 90% Biodiesel and 10% of a glycerin byproduct. The glycerin byproduct can be used in a number of other chemical processes for different industries.

1. What is the text about?

A. The process of making Biodiesel

B. The use of the Biodiesel.

C. The advantage of using the Biodiesel.

D. The benefit of producing the Biodiesel.

E. The development of the Biodiesel product.

2.  What are interchanged in the process of ester interchange?

A. The three fatty acids with the glycerin molecules.

B. The glycerin molecule with three methanol molecules

C. Methanol with the three fatty acids.

D. Vegetable oil with methanol

E. Methanol and alkaline catalyst.

3. According to the text, one of the advantages in using biodiesel is…

A. it is cheap.

B. it only uses vegetable oil.

C. it uses replaceable materials.

D. it can be done in small industry.

E. it gives less pollution than petroleum

4. “The process for converting vegetable oil…”(Paragraph 3). The word “converting” 

is closest in meaning to…

A. Producing

B. Separating

C. Attaching

D. Processing

E. Changing

A cell phone is a great gadget in this modern world. What is a cell phone? A cell phone is actually a radio in certain way. Like a radio, by a cell phone we can communicate to other people in real time. Million people use cell phone for their communication. Even nowadays, people use cell phones to communicate in voice, written and data. Alexander Graham Bell is the person who make great change in the way people communicate to each other. He invented a telephone in 1876. While wireless radio was formally known in 18994 presented by Guglielmo Marconi. By these two technologies, then a cell phone was born. However do you know how actually cell phones work?

This short explanation on how a cell phone work is really wonderful. A cell phone or in long term “cellular telephone’ works by transmitting signals of radio to towers of cellular. The towers are networked to a central switching station. The connection usually uses wire, fiber optic-cables, or microwave.

Then the central switching station which handles calls in certain given area is directed connected to the wire-based telephone system. Cellulars are pick up by the towers and relayed to another cellular telephone user or the user of wire-based telephone network.

the towers vary in the capacity and capability to receive signals. Some can receive the signal from short distance and the others can receive more distance. However, there are usually more than one tower in certain given area so that the system can handle the increasing telephone traffic.

1.      What the main idea of paragraph three …
A. How to use the telephone
B. The founder of telephone
C. The part of telephone
D. Function of telephone
E. How to make the telephone

2.       What is cell phone …
A. Cell phone is an object can movement
B. Cell phone is general object
C. Cell phone is a contraption thing
D. A cell phone is actually a radio in certain way
E. Cell phone is Graham Bells’ founder

  

3.       How telephone cellular work …
A. By signal radio
B. By battery
C. By user
D. By GPS Signal
E. By transmitting signal

A kite is an object which is made from a light material stretched over a frame. Due to its light material a kite will lift off the ground and fly when it is tilted into the wind.

A kite is uses wind to make it fly because it is heavier than air. When wind travels over the surface of the kite, it is split into two streams of air. One stream of the air goes over the kite while the second stream goes under the kite.

The upper stream above the kite. The lower stream hits the kite at a shallow angle and creates an area of high pressure.

The high pressure area has a pushing effect while the low pressure area has a pulling effect. The combination of push and pull can creates enough force to lift the kite into the air.

Kites have been known for thousand of years. They are used for military or scientific purposes. Todays kites are much used for leisure and competition.

1. What media which use by kite to fly?

A. Air

B. Water

C. Ground

D. Light

E. Wind

2. How many stream of air if we want the kite flying?

A. Two

B. One

C. Four

D. Three

E. There is no stream

3. The first Word of “ it” at the first line of paragraph two refers to

A. Wind

B. Air

C. Kite

D. Frame

E. Fly

4. What is the function of the upper stream?

A. hits the kite at a shallow angle

B. creates an area of high pressure

C. creates an area of middle pressure

D. creates an area of low pressure

E. give space for kite to fly

5. Bassed on the text, what is the function of kite at past?

         A.   Used for competition

         B. Used for military

         C. Used for sent message

         D. Used for sent money

         E. Used for keep home for annoying evil

Acid rain is rain that is highly acidic because of sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and other air pollutants dissolved in it. Normal rain is slightly acidic, with a pH of 6. Acid rain may have a pH value as low as 2.8. Acid rain can severely damage both plant and animal life. Certain lakes, for example, have lost all fish and plant life because of acid rain.

Acid rain comes from sulfur in coal and oil. When they burn, they make sulfur dioxide (SO2 ). Most sulfur leaves factory chimneys as the gaseous sulfur dioxide (SO2 ) and most nitrogen are also emitted as one of the nitrogen oxides (NO or NO2 ), both of which are gasses. The gasses may be dry deposited–absorbed directly by the land, by lakes or by the surface vegetation. If they are in the atmosphere for anytime, the gasses will oxidize (gain an oxygen atom) and go into solution as acids. Sulphuric acid (H2 SO4 ) and the nitrogen oxides will become nitric acid (HNO3). The acids usually dissolve in cloud droplets and may travel great distances before being precipitated as acid rain.

Catalysts such as hydrogen peroxide, ozone, and ammonium help promote the formation of acids in clouds. More ammonium (NH4 ) can be formed when some of the acids are partially neutralized by airborne ammonia (NH3 ). Acidification increases with the number of active hydrogen (H+) ions dissolved in acid. Hydrocarbons emitted by, for example, car exhausts will react in sunlight with nitrogen oxides to produce ozone. Although it is invaluable in the atmosphere, low-level ozone causes respiratory problems and also hastens the formation of acid rain. When acid rain falls on the ground it dissolves and liberates heavy metals and aluminum (Al). When it is washed into lakes, aluminum irritates the outer surfaces of many fish. As acid rain falls or drains into the lake the pH of the lake falls. Forests suffer the effect of acid rain through damage to leaves, through the loss of vital nutrients, and through the increased amounts of toxic metals liberated by acid, which damage roots and soil microorganisms.

1.        What is the text mainly about?

A.    The definition of acid rain

B.    The process of acid rain

C.    The effect of acid rain

D.   Acid rain

E.    Rain

2.        The acid of normal rain is .… then the acid rain

A.        Higher

B.        Lower

C.        Denser

D.        Severer

E.         The same

3.        What is the result of the burning of the coal and oil?

A.    Ammonium

B.    Nitric acid

C.    Sulphuric acid

D.   Sulfur dioxide

E.    Airborne ammonia

4.        The sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides will …. in the air.

A.    Be absorbed directly by the vegetation

B.    Dissolved in the lake water and land

C.    Emit another sulfur gas

D.   Radiate an oxygen atom

E.    Gain an oxygen atom

5.        Which of the following is not true about acid rain?

A.   It contains lower pH than the normal rain

B.   It has higher pH than the normal rain

C.    It can damage animal and plant life

D.   It contains dangerous gasses

E.    It endangers water life

Almost everyone very likes a natural phenomenon called the rainbow. To the extent that a lot of people create an art work like song, cake, and the other work after seeing the beautiful colors of the rainbow. But, do you know how the phenomenon of the appearance of the rainbow happens?

Rainbow occurs because of the refraction of light. The sunlight that shines in between the rain drops is refracted by the rain drops. This process separates the white light of the sunlight into a spectrum of different colors.

The spectrum of colors are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. Or what we often memorize as the abbreviation "ROY G BIV / mejikuhibiniu.” Then the colors reflect in the back drops of rain, resulting the light which looks arched and becomes the rainbow.

1. How many colors there are in the rainbow?

A. Five
            B. Six 
            C. Seven
            D. Eight
            E. Nine

           2. Below are the colors of the rainbow, except...
          A. Red
          B. Orange
          C. Yellow
          D. Black
          E. Green

3. How did the rainbow happen?
A. Because of the heavy rain
B. Because behind the clouds is a fairy
C. Because of the refraction of light
D. Because the sun is shining so hot
E. All the answer are correct

4. What we often memorize the colors of rainbow?
A. The spectrum
B. Mejikuhibiniu
C. Pibikuhibiu
D. The colors
E. ROY H BIF

5. Bellow are why everyone like to see rainbow, except...

A. Because rainbow is beautifull
            B. Because rainbow have many colors
            C. Because rainbow is ugly
            D. Because rainbow is unique
            E. Because rainbow is cool

The term “tsunami” comes from Japanese which means harbor (“tsu”) and wave (“nami”). A tsunami is a series of waves generated when water in a lake or a sea is rapidly displace on a massive scale.

A tsunami will be generated when the seafloor abruptly deforms and vertically displaces the Seduction of earthquakes is particularly effective in generating tsunami. It occurs where denser oceanic plates slip under continental plates. As the displaced water mass moves under the influence of gravity to regain its equilibrium, it radiates across the ocean like ripples on a pond.

Tsunami always brings great damage. Most of the damage is caused by the huge mass of water behind the initial wave front, as the height of the see keeps rising faster and floods powerfully into the coastal area. Aceh, located close to Pacific Ocean, was destructed by tsunami in 2004 and badly damaged soon after it occured.

1        What does the text tell about?

A.    Tsunami in Japan

B.    How tsunami occurs

C.    Where the word “tsunami” is derived from

D.   Destruction of tsunami

E.    Sea plate after tsunami occurs

2.        What can be inferred from paragraph 2 that tsunami?

A.    Tsunami

B.    Crust 

C.    Displaced water mass 

D.   Flood

E.    Earthquake

3.        Why does the writer mention “Aceh, located … after it occurred” at the last paragraph?

A.    To compare tsunami in Japan and Aceh

B.    To give an example of tsunami destruction

C.    To mention places where tsunami occurred

D.   To remind the reader about the disaster

E.    To describe where tsunami happened

      4.      What can be inferred from paragraph 2 that tsunami?

A.   Occurs following an earthquake

B.   Occurs where denser oceanic plates leap over continental plate

C.   Happens frequently

D.   Tsunami is typically beneficial

E.    Tsunami is unpredicted disaster

5.         It can be inferred from the last paragraph that Aceh is located in?

A.        Mountain area

B.        Inland area

C.        Slope area

D.        Coastal area

E.         Oceanic area

A natural disaster is a terrible accident, e.g. a great flood , a big fire, or an earthquake. It usually causes great suffering and loss of a large sum of money. The causalities are injured or died. Some people are homeless and need medical care.

Floods occur when the water of rivers, lakes, or stream overflow their banks and pour out into the surrounding land. Floods are caused by many different things. Often heavy rainstorms that last for a brief time can cause a flood. But not all heavy storms are followed by flooding. If the surrounding land is fl at and can absorb the water, no flooding will occur. If, however, the land is hard and rocky, heavy rain cannot be absorbed. Where the banks are low, a river may overflow and flood adjacent lowland.

In many parts of the world floods are caused by tropical storms called hurricanes or typhoons. They bring destructive winds of high speed, torrents of rain, and flooding. When a flood occurs, the destruction to the surrounding land can be severe. Whole villages and towns are sometimes swept away by water pouring swiftly over the land. Railroad tracks and buckles are uprooted from their beds. Highways are washed away.

When a building caught fire, the firemen pitched in to help battle the blaze. Before the pumps were invented, people formed bucket brigades to fight fires. Standing side by side, they formed a human chain from the fire to nearby well or river. They passed buckets of water from hand to hand to be poured on the flames.

The damage of fire did depend a great deal on where it happened. In the country or a small village, only a single house might burn down. But in crowded cities, fire often destroyed whole blocks and neighborhoods before being controlled.

1. What can possibly prevent rivers and lakes from overflowing ….

     A. An absorbent bed

     B. A rocky surrounding

     C. A low land

     D. A high bank

     E. A high road

2. We know from the text that ….

     A. River can sweep heavy flood

     B. People can make money from flood

     C. The destruction by flood is always less severe

     D. Water flood is absorbed by land directly

     E. Typhoons caused heavy flood

Tsunami

Tsunami occurs when major fault under the ocean floor suddenly slips. The displaced rock pushes water above it like a giant paddle, producing powerful water waves at the ocean surface. The ocean waves spread out from the vicinity of the earthquake source and move across the ocean until they reach the coastline, where their height increases as they reach the continental shelf, the part of the earth crust that slopes, or rises, from the ocean floor up to the land.

A tsunami washes ashore with often disastrous effects such as severe flooding, loss of lives due to drowning and damage to property.

A tsunami is a very large sea wave that is generated by a disturbance along the ocean floor. This disturbance can be an earthquake, a landslide, or a volcanic eruption. A tsunami is undetectable far out in the ocean, but once it reaches shallow water, this fast traveling wave grows very large. 

1. “... producing powerful water waves at the ocean surface.” The synonym of 

     the underlined word is....

     A. Fast                        D. Strong

     B. Deep                       E. Weak

     C. Quick

2. Tsunami happens because ….

     A. The displaced rock pushes water above it

     B. A major fault under the ocean floor slips suddenly

     C. The ocean waves spread out from the vicinity of the source

     D. The waves moves across the ocean until they reach the beach

     E. A tsunami is undetectable far out in the ocean

3. We understand from the text that tsunami ….

     A. Causes the movement of earth

     B. Forms a new shape of coastline

     C. Makes unfortunate event

     D. Rises a new coastal land

     E. Displaces rocks to land

Water pollution has been increasing at a worrying rate. If consumed in a contaminated state, it may prove fatal to both – human beings and the environment. Let us find out how this pollution affects the ecological balance and poses a threat to our lives. First, it is agricultural pollution. Excess fertilizers, pesticides and insecticides used for agricultural procedures often get discharged in water bodies right from streams to lakes and seas. Another way water pollution happens is mining activities. During mining, the rock strata is crushed with the help of heavy equipment on a large scale. 

These rocks are often composed of sulfides and heavy metals, which when combined with water from sulfuric acid and other harmful pollutants. Next, it happens through the so-called sewage water. The leftover or excess water that is left after carrying out domestic and industrial activities is called sewage water which consists of a lot of chemicals, and is left untreated. People flushing medicines and other chemical substances down the toilet has been a cause of concern for the developed countries today. Also, the burning of fossil is another source.

1.        The main idea of the text is …

A.    The level of water pollution is determined by its pollutant

B.    There are different ways for water to be polluted

C.    Most water around us is heavily polluted

D.   Water pollution takes different forms

E.    Water pollution happens every where

Do you know what a volcano is? I guess you all know volcano is a mountain with magma inside it. Most volcanoes are formed on land, but there are some volcanoes that are on the ocean floor. You know the famous volcanoes in Indonesia, right? Yes, there are Mount Merapi and Mount Krakatau. Mount Merapi was erupt in October 2010 and Mount Krakatoa was erupt in 1883. The eruptions are really massive and destructive. Do you want to know how is the volcano erupting? Well, let me explain to you.

           At first, the eruption begins when pressure on a magma chamber inside the volcano forces magma up through the conduit and out the volcano's vents.   Then, when the magma chamber has been completely filled, the pressure is getting higher. Finally, the magma reaches up to the surface. When magma reaches earth's surface it is called lava.  It may pour out in gentle streams called lava flows or erupt violently into the air.  Rocks ripped loose from the inside of the volcano or torn apart by the gas. may be shot into the air with the lava. The lava destroys everything in its path because it is very hot.  The big rocks can destroy anything because the sizes are super big. The thick black smoke can burn everything slowly and it’s suffocating.

         There’s no doubt that volcano eruption is really dangerous. Many people were dead because of it. A big number of people had to abandon their homes and land forever.  Even the whole world's climate was changed for a while as a result of an eruption. But volcano eruptions bring good effects too, because after a long time it can make the land fertile.

1.      What year did Mount Krakatoa erupt ?

A.      2010

B.      2001

C.      1883

D.     1884

E.      1838

2.        How volcanic eruptions begin ?

A.        When pressure on the magma chamber inside the volcano forces magma 

         to rise the surface

B.         When the magma chamber is full, the pressure becomes high

C.         When a strong earthquake occurs

D.        When many animals descend to the foot of the mountain

E.         When magma reaches the surface

3.        What is the negative impact of a volcanic eruption?

A.      The sand miners get a new job to get sand on the edge of cold lava

B.      Many people wear die

C.      Become a tourist attraction

D.     Forming new ecosystems

E.      Can build volcanic power plants

4.        What do you do if there are volcanic eruptions around you?

A.      Approaching the peak of the volcano

B.      Remain still

C.      Take photos and videos

D.     Keep calm and don't panic

E.      Bathing in the river

5. What is the name of the volcano in Aceh Besar?

A.      Semeru

B.      Krinci

C.      Kelud

D.     Seulawah inong

E.      Seulawah Agam

Silkworms live for only two or three days after laying eggs. About 36,000 to 50,000 eggs are laid, and these are carefully stored at the silkworm farm until they are ready to hatch. The eggs hatch into caterpillars, which feed on mulberry leaves. Soon, the caterpillars are ready to spin their cocoons. Not all caterpillars can spin silk cocoons. Only the caterpillars of a silkworm moth known as ‘Bombyx mari’ can do such spinning. This caterpillar has special glands which secrete liquid silk through its lower lip. The liquid produced later hardens to form tine strands.

The caterpillar makes its cocoons using these strands. The threads on the outside of the cocoon are rough, while those inside are soft and smooth.

Some fully-spun cocoons are heated. This kills the pupa inside. The cocoons are then put into hot water to loosen the fine threads. Finally, these threads are reeled off the cocoons.

The length of unbroken thread produced by a single cocoon measures about one-and a-half kilometers. Being twisted together several of these threads make single woven materials.

1. What is the purpose of the text ……..

A. To persuade readers to buy silk.

B. To put silk into different categories.

C. To entertain readers with the knowledge.

D. To present some points of view about silk.

E. To describe how silk comes into existence.

2. How are the threads on the outside of the cocoon …….

A. Fine.

B. Soft.

C. Rough.

D. Strong.

E. Smooth.

3. What are mulberry leaves for ……..

A. Feeding caterpillars

B. Spinning cocoons.

C. Storing threads.

D. Hatching eggs

 E. Laying eggs.